Potassium

Located at Group 9 and Period 4 is a very reactive element, specially to water. Explodes in contact in water and therefore was kept in oil, and also acts as a mineral from foods such as bananas, avocados and coconut water.

First discovered and isolated by Humphry Davy in 1807 through electrolysis from Caustic Potash. He used the newly discovered voltaic pile to electrolysis molten Caustic Potash.  Potassium was the first element isolated using the method ' electrolysis '.

Potassium is also the seventh most abundant element in the earth's crust, about 2.5% of its mass. Potassium is also the eighth most abundant element in the human body, taking between 0.20% and 0..35% of body mass.

Atomic Number : 19
Name : Potassium
Latin Name : Kalium
Electrons per shell : [ 2, 8, 8, 1 ]
Discoverer : Humphry Davy
Isolator : Humphry Davy
Element's : Atomic Mass : 39.0983u
                  : Density : 0.98g/c㎥
                  : Type : Alkali Metals

Chemical Properties : 

• Reacts rapidly with water to form Potassium Hydroxide and Hydrogen gas.
• Creates a bright purple flame when heated

  

  Potassium reacting to form purple flame.

• Potassium - 39 : Protons : 19
                           : Neutrons : 20
                           : Electrons :  19
  ( Half Life : Stable )
  
• Potassium - 40 : Protons : 19
                           : Neutrons : 21
                           : Electrons : 19
  ( Half Life : 1.3 Billion years )
  
• Potassium - 41 : Protons : 19
                           : Neutrons : 22
                           : Electrons : 19
  ( Half Life : Stable )

Potassium - 39

Physical Properties : 

• Silvery-white metal
• soft enough to be cut by knife easily
• density of 0.89 g/cm3
• Floats on water as density of Potassium is smaller than water (1 g/cm3 density of water ) (Not a good idea to put it inside water ; it explodes ! )
• Good conductor of heat
• Good conductor of electricity
• Melting Point : 63 degrees Celsius ( 145.4 Fahrenheit )
• Boiling Point : 758.8 degrees Celsius ( 1397.84 Fahrenheit )

How Potassium got it's name?

Potassium got its name from the Latin word ' Kalium', which happens to mean Potash. As for Potash, Potash is from Salt Potash, which was were Potassium was first isolated.

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